Philosophy of Drone Logistics

If the expansion of existing logistics chains with drones is being considered, a few basic principles should be taken into account. Drone logistics will definitely not replace ground logistics, as promised by some drone providers. A realistic view of drone logistics begins with the following points:

1. Drones in logistics are an evolution, not a revolution

The shift of transport processes to the airspace is merely a vertical shift of a transport route. The main advantages are that the goods can be transported almost emission-free and very quickly. On the other hand, there are the special features of the “transport network” in the airspace. The traffic rules are much more complex and difficult to implement for unmanned aircraft. Ultimately, drones are merely a means of transport, which, despite all the emotions associated with them, should be viewed objectively as such.

2. The goods being transported remain the object of consideration

Drones are merely tools (means of transport) in the transport process and a component of networked logistics chains. Means of transport used in logistics are often designed for specific goods. These can be trucks with refrigerated cargo compartments, secure vehicles for transporting valuables, or protected transport vehicles for hazardous materials. This additional equipment is costly to install, heavy, and often consumes additional energy. In medical logistics, hazardous materials are normally transported, which require special protection and must be transported within specific temperature ranges. The payload capacity of a drone is limited. In addition to the weight of the goods being transported, the volume and weight of the additional protective equipment must also be taken into account.

3. The “competitor” is the car on the road

The question of costs is particularly important in medical logistics, as the German legislator heavily regulates cost reimbursement. Drones cannot be compared to helicopters in terms of technology and economics, at least in medical logistics. The costs of drone logistics must therefore be compared to those of their direct “competitor,” the car.

4. Drones will not work without associated ground logistics

Due to the operational limitations of drones, i.e., the technical and regulatory restrictions on their use, a fallback solution must be implemented for drone logistics.

These limitations imposed by official regulations may relate, for example, to the weather (rain, wind, visibility) or to temporary and/or spatial restrictions on airspace. This means that there must be a close link with ground logistics in order to maintain transport readiness.

5. Processes and emergency management in flight management are a priority

Getting a drone in the air is a technical process, but risk management and knowledge of emergency procedures are more important. The focus should not be on how the drone gets from A to B, but on what happens if something happens.